This study approaches contemporary atheism as both an intellectual position and a psychological phenomenon. It defines atheism as the denial of a creator and considers how older tendencies developed into a distinct modern idea, particularly in Europe from the Renaissance onward. Azhar Anas Darwish Salama investigates the historical and psychological conditions that enabled that development and argues for careful analysis of a phenomenon presented as unprecedented in its modern scope.
AtheismAtheistsCauses of AtheismEuropean RenaissanceIslamic CreedIslamic HistoryPsychological Interpretation of AtheismPsychology of ReligionReligious DoubtReligious PhilosophyReligious StudiesResponding to Atheism